world Poland has increased its defence budget to 4.8% of GDP, $53 billion, the fourth‑highest in the EU, as it builds a new weapons facility in Czosnów. MBDA Polska, a local subsidiary of the European arms group, says the shift from imports to domestic production creates Polish jobs and speeds up response to NATO’s eastern flank. Deputy Foreign Minister Marcin Bosacki notes that Russian aggression is driving Poland’s economic development plans, linking security spending with broader EU and NATO cooperation.
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